Table 1 Dataset statistics. All but the avian dataset from [46] are simulated datasets, with known true gene trees and species trees. The ILS levels of the datasets are categorized according to their AD percentages, where below \(25\%\) is low ILS (L), between \(26\%\) and \(39\%\) mid ILS (M), between \(40\%\) and \(59\%\) high ILS (H), and higher AD very high ILS (VH). SH-like denotes FastTree default support; BS denotes standard bootstrap support using FastTree or RAxML; aBayes denotes IQ-TREE approximate Bayesian support

ASTRAL-II MC2 [13]

201

1000

10

33 (M)

SH, BS, aBayes

1

ASTRAL-III S100 [14]

101

1000

50

46 (H)

aBayes

2,5

   \(M_{\text {clade}}\) missing data

101

200

50

46 (H)

aBayes

4

   iid missing data

101

200

50

46 (H)

aBayes

4

ASTRAL-II MC3 [13]

201

1000

50

21 (L)

aBayes

2

ASTRAL-II MC5 [13]

201

1000

50

34 (M)

aBayes

2,5

ASTRAL-II MC1 [13]

201

1000

50

69 (VH)

aBayes

2

ASTRAL-II MC6H [48]

201

1000

50

9 (L)

aBayes

2

ASTRAL-II MC11H [48]

1001

1000

50

35 (M)

aBayes

2,5

Avian 2x [23]

48

1000

20

29 (M)

aBayes

2

Avian 1x [23]

48

1000

20

47 (H)

aBayes

2

Avian 0.5x [23]

48

1000

20

60 (VH)

aBayes

2

Mammalian 2x [23]

37

200

20

21 (L)

aBayes

2

Mammalian 1x [23]

37

200

20

29 (M)

aBayes

2

Mammalian 0.5x [23]

37

200

20

50 (H)

aBayes

2

Jarvis et al. avian [46]

48

14446

1

not known

BS

3